Most of this was cribbed from https://linuxhandbook.com/linux-file-permissions/
You can get an output of permissions on a file or directory by passing the -l flag to the ls command: ls -l
Output looks something like this:
-rwxrw-r-- 1 abhi itsfoss 457 Aug 10 11:55 agatha.txtCode language: CSS (css)
- File type: Denotes the type of file. d means directory, – means regular file, l means a symbolic link.
- Permissions: This field shows the permission set on a file. I’ll explain it in detail in the next section.
- Hard link count: Shows if the file has hard links. Default count is one.
- User: The user who owns the files.
- Group: The group that has access to this file. Only one group can be the owner of a file at a time.
- File size: Size of the file in bytes.
- Modification time: The date and time the file was last modified.
- Filename: Obviously, the name of the file or directory.
rwx-:
- r : Read permission
- w : Write permission
- x : Execute permission
- – : No permission set
